The Characteristics of Asphalt Concrete Binder Course (AC-BC) Mixture with Bottom Ash as Aggregate Substitute
:
https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.17.1.29-37
Keywords:
Aggregate replacement, asphalt concrete-binder course, bottom ash.Abstract
Highways serve nearly 80-90% of the population mobility and flow of goods. Utilization of bottom ash, a waste from coal combustion, in highway construction is one of the alternatives to reduce environmental pollution and support Clean Development Mechanism Program of Kyoto Protocol. The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of AC-BC mixture that uses bottom ash as partial substitute of fine aggregate and comparing with a standard mixture. Laboratory tests are performed on two different types of mixtures. The tests show that optimum asphalt content for AC-BCStandard mixture is 5.20% while AC-BCBottom Ash mixture is 5.25%. Bottom ash has higher porosity along with a little break field and has round shape so that the asphalt absorption is bigger than the crushed stone. Bottom ash can be used as an alternative aggregate to increase the value of flow of the AC-BC mixture, thus converting waste to valuable material.References
Sugiyanto, G., Kajian Karakteristik Campuran Hot Rolled Asphalt Akibat Penambahan Limbah Serbuk Ban Bekas, Jurnal Teknik Sipil, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 8(2), 2008, pp. 90-103.
Kementerian Keuangan, Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) Tahun 2014. Retrieved on 2014-12-27 http://www.kemenkeu. go.id/sites/default/files/Advertorial%20APBN% 202014_061213.pdf.
Sjahdanulirwan, M., Pemanfatan Teknologi dalam Peningkatan Peranan Teknik Sipil, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Sipil, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, June 2007, pp. 6-9.
Cheng, C., Pouffary, S., Svenningsen, N., and Callaway, M. The Kyoto Protocol, the Clean Development Mechanism, and the Building and Construction Sector-A Report for The UNEP Suistanable Buildings and Construction Initiative, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Paris, France, 2008. Retrieved on 2014-12-25 http://www.unep.org/sbci/pdfs/Building-sandCDMreporte-version.pdf.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC). The Clean Development Mechanism. Retrieved on 2014-12-25 http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/mechanisms/clean_development_mechanism/items/2718.php.
Hermanus, P.A.Y and Lapu, A.S., Perilaku Penggunaan Bottom Ash pada Campuran Aspal Beton. Bachelor Thesis, Petra Christian University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, 2001. Retrieved on 2014-02-15 http://repository.petra. ac.id/3864/.
Mattur, S.S. and Vital, S.U.K.G., Utilisation of Fly Ash in Roads and Embankment Works, Geotechnical Engineering Division, Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, 2009.
Santoso, I., Roy, S.K., and Andarias, P., Pengaruh Penggunaan Bottom Ash terhadap Karakteristik Campuran Beton Aspal, Jurnal Dimensi Teknik Sipil (Civil Engineering Dimension), 5(2), 2003, pp. 75-81.
Ministry of Public Works, Campuran Beraspal Panas. Buku V Spesifikasi, Seksi 6.3 Spesifikasi Umum Jalan dan Jembatan. Ministry of Public Works, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2006.
Turner-Fairbank-Highway Research Center (TFHRC)-Federal Highway Administration. Coal Bottom Ash/Boiler Slag-Material Description, 2000. Retrieved on 2009-10-08 http://www. tfhrc.gov/hnr20/recycle/waste/cbabs1.htm.
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). User Guidelines for Waste and Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction. Publication Number FHWA-RD-97-148. Retrieved on 2014-12-27 http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/ research/infrastructure/structures/97148/cbabs1.cfm
Collins, R.J. and Stanley K.C. Recycling and Use of Waste Materials and By-Products in Highway Construction. National Cooperative Highway Research Program Synthesis of Highway Prac-tice No. 199, Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 1994.
Turner-Fairbank-Highway Research Center (TFHRC)-Federal Highway Administration. Coal Bottom Ash/Boiler Slag-Asphalt Concrete, 2000. Retrieved on 2009-10-08 http://www. tfhrc.gov/hnr20/recycle/waste/cbabs2.htm.
Kim, B., Prezzi, M., and Salgado, R., Geotechnical Properties of Fly and Bottom Ash Mixtures for Use in Highway Embankments, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 131(7), 2005, pp. 914-924. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)131:7(914).[CrossRef]
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 1969:2008, Cara Uji Berat Jenis dan Penyerapan Air Agregat Kasar, Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta, Indonesia, 2008.
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 2417:2008, Cara Uji Keausan Agregat dengan Mesin Abrasi Los Angeles, Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta, Indonesia, 2008.
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 03-2439-1991, Metode Pengujian Kelekatan Agregat terhadap Aspal, Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta, Indonesia, 1991.
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 03-1970-1990, Metode Pengujian Berat Jenis dan Penyerapan Air Agregat Halus, Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta, Indonesia, 1990.
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 03-4428-1997, Metode Pengujian Agregat Halus atau Pasir yang Mengandung Bahan Plastik dengan cara Setara Pasir, Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta, Indonesia, 1997.
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 03-4142-1996, Metode Pengujian Jumlah Bahan dalam Agregat yang Lolos Saringan Nomor 200 (0.0075 mm), Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta, Indonesia, 1996.
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 06-2456-1991, Metode Pengujian Penetrasi Aspal, Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta, Indonesia, 1991.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Annual Book of ASTM Standard, Vol. 04.03, Road and Paving Material Pavement Management Technology, Philadelphia, 1987.
Directorate General of Highways, Pedoman Perencanaan Campuran Beraspal Panas dengan Pendekatan Kepadatan Mutlak, No. 025/T/BM/1999, Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga, Ministry of Public Works, Jakarta, Indonesia, 1999.
Directorate General of Highways (Dirjen Bina Marga), Petunjuk Lapis Aspal Beton (Laston) untuk Jalan Raya/SKBI 2.4-26.1987 UDC: 625.75(02), Yayasan Badan Penerbit Pekerjaan Umum, Ministry of Public Works, Jakarta, Indo-nesia, 1987.
Harmawan, A., Pengaruh Penambahan Bottom Ash sebagai Agregat Pengganti Sebagian pada Campuran Beton Aspal Tipe Lapis Aus-1. Bachelor Thesis. Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia, 2010.
ASTM E102/E102M-93(2009), Standard Test Method for Saybolt Furol Viscosity of Bitumi-nous Materials at High Temperatures, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2009, www.astm.org.
Triawan, R., Karakteristik Campuran Beton Aspal dengan Limbah PLTU sebagai Pengganti Agregat Sebagian, Civil Engineering: Transportation Engineering, Magister Program, Bandung Institute of Technology, West Java, Indonesia, 2005. Retrieved on 2014-04-16 www.itb.ac.id.
Yudhianto, A., Evaluasi Kinerja Campuran Hot Rolled Asphalt (HRS) yang Mengandung Bottom Ash dan Fly Ash Sebagai Agregat Pengganti Sebagian, Civil Engineering: Transportation Engineering, Magister Program, Bandung Institute of Technology, West Java, Indonesia, 2005. Retrieved on 2014-04-16 www.itb.ac.id.
Ministry of Public Works, Pedoman Konstruksi Bangunan No: 001-03/BM/2006, Pemanfaatan Asbuton Buku 3 Campuran Beraspal Panas dengan Asbuton Olahan, Ministry of Public Works, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2006.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain the copyright and publishing right, and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) followingthe publication of the article, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
