Evaluation of Infiltration Models with Double Ring Infiltrometer Test on Residual Soil in Kulonprogo, Indonesia
Downloads
The hydraulic conductivity of soil is an essential parameter for evaluating the slope instability triggered by rain infiltration. This research uses a Double-Ring Infiltrometer (DRI) at five locations to estimate the hydraulic conductivity from a field infiltration test. Four infiltration models were examined to estimate hydraulic conductivity, including Green–Ampt, Kostiakov, Horton, and Philips equations. Curve fitting on the infiltration rate–time plots were computed with the least square error to determine the infiltration parameters using Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The basic infiltration rate ranges from 6.88 mm/h to 721.5 8 mm/h. The Horton and Philips infiltration model provides better statistical performance to estimate the infiltration rate. The estimated hydraulic conductivity from the four infiltration models results in a relative convergence value; however, the estimation results in more biased hydraulic conductivity at locations containing clay fraction and high-plasticity silt, especially for Green–Ampt and Philip infiltration models.
Muntohar, A.S., Ikhsan, J., and Soebowo, E., Mechanism of Rainfall Triggering Landslides in Kulonprogo, Indonesia, in C. L. Meehan et al. (Eds.), Geo-Congress 2013, American Society of Civil Engineers, San Diego, California, 2013, pp. 452-461.
Muntohar, A.S., Fata, N., Jotisankasa, A., and Yang, K.H., Suction Monitoring and Stability of Volcanic-Residual Soil Slope during Rainfall, Civil Engineering Dimension, 22(2), 2020, pp. 67-73, doi: 10.9744/CED.22.2.68-74.
Muntohar, A.S., Ikhsan, J., Liao, H.J., Jotisankasa, A., and Jetten, V.G., Rainfall Infiltration-induced Slope Instability of the Unsaturated Volcanic Residual Soils during Wet Seasons in Indonesia, Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, 9(1), 2022, pp. 71-85, doi: 10.17014/ijog.9.1.71-85.
Tohari, A., Sarah, D., and Daryono, M.R., Hydrological Condition Leading to Landslide Initiation, Media Teknik Sipil, 8(2), 2008, pp. 67-76.
Ziadat, F.M. and Taimeh, A.Y., Effect of Rainfall Intensity, Slope, Land Use and Antecedent Soil Moisture on Soil Erosion in an Arid Environment, Land Degradation & Development, 24(6), 2013, pp. 582-590, doi: 10.1002/ldr.2239.
Rahardjo, H., Ong, T.H., Rezaur, R.B., and Leong, E.C., Factors Controlling Instability of Homogeneous Soil Slopes under Rainfall, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133(12), 2007, pp. 1532-1543, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:12(1532).
Green, W.H. and Ampt, G.A., Studies on Soil Physics, The Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(1), 1911, pp. 1-24, doi: 10.1017/S0021859600001441.
Kostiakov, A.N., On the Dynamics of the Coefficient of Water Percolation in Soils and on the Necessity for Studying It from A Dynamic Point of View for Purposes of Amelioration, in A. N. Kostiakov (Ed.), Transactions of the Sixth Commission: Russian part, International Society of Soil Science. Sixth Commission Soviet section, vol. 1, State Scientific Technical Publishing Office, 1932, pp. 17-21.
Philips, J.R., The Theory of Infiltration: 1. The Infiltration Equation and Its Solution, Soil Science, 83, 1957, pp. 345-357, doi: 10.1097/00010694-195705000-00002.
Touma, J. and Alberge, J., Determining Soil Hydrologic Properties from Rain Simulator or Double Ring Infiltrometer Experiments: A Comparison, Journal of Hydrology, 135(1-4), 1992, pp. 73-86, doi: 10.1016/0022-1694(92)90081-6.
D8152-18, Standard Practice for Measuring Field Infiltration Rate and Calculating Field Hydraulic Conductivity using the Modified Philip Dunne Infiltrometer Test, ASTM, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2018.
Irmak, S., Sharma, V., Mohammed, A.T., and Djaman, K., Impacts of Cover Crops on Soil Physical Properties: Field Capacity, Permanent Wilting Point, Soil-Water Holding Capacity, Bulk Density, Hydraulic Conductivity, and Infiltration, Transactions of the ASABE, 61(4), 2018, pp. 1307-1321, doi: 10.13031/trans.12700.
Nimmo, J.R., Schmidt, K.M., Perkins, K.S., and Stock, J.D., Rapid Measurement of Field-Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity for Areal Characterization, Vadose Zone Journal, 8(1), 2009, pp. 142-149, doi: 10.2136/vzj2007.0159.
Fatehnia, M., Tawfiq, K., and Ye, M., Estimation of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity from Double‐Ring Infiltrometer Measurements, European Journal of Soil Science, 67(2), 2016, pp. 135-147, doi: 10.1111/ejss.12322.
Bouwer, H., Intake Rate: Cylinder Infiltrometer, in A. Klute (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1 Physical and Mineralogical Methods, American Society of Agronomy Inc., Soil Science Society of America Inc. Publisher, Madison, Wisconsin USA, 1986, pp. 825-844.
Yolcubal, I., Brusseau, M.L., Artiola, J.F., Wierenga, P., and Wilson, L.G., Environmental Physical Properties And Processes, in J. F. Artiola et al. (Eds.), Environmental Monitoring and Characterization, Academic Press, Burlington, 2004, pp. 207-239.
Wahyu, P., Sri Malahayati, Y., and Enny Dwi, W., Study of Two Different Field Measurement Methods of Infiltration: Falling Head and Constant Head, at Various Hydraulic Head, Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan, 26(1), 2024, pp. 54-59, doi: 10.29244/jitl.26.1.54-59.
Octariko, M.N. and Budianta, W., The Study of Soil Infiltration in West Part of Semarang City, Indonesia, The 2nd Geoscience and Environmental Management Symposium, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in R. Che Omar et al. (Eds.), September 7-8 2021, vol. 325: E3S Web of Conferences doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202132502007.
Dou, H.Q., Han, T.C., Gong, X.N., and Zhang, J., Probabilistic Slope Stability Analysis Considering the Variability of Hydraulic Conductivity under Rainfall Infiltration–Redistribution Conditions, Engineering Geology, 183, 2014, pp. 1-13, doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.09.005.
Wisaksono, B., Slope Stability Analysis Causing Ground Movement at Kalibawang Irrigation Main Channel Km. 15,9 in Kulonprogo, Master Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 2003. (in Indonesian)
Ma’ruf, B., Geometry Pattern of Soil Creep in Segment Km.15.9 of Kalibawang Irrigation Main Channel in Kulonprogo using Kalman Filtering Method, Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Geological Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 2015. (in Indonesian)
Muntohar, A.S. and Saputro, R.I., The Effect of Initial Grounwater Level on the Stability Analysis of Unsaturated Slopes, Proceeding Seminar Nasional X – 2014 Teknik Sipil ITS Surabaya, 5 Februari 2014, pp. 985-990. (in Indonesian)
USDA-NRCS, Engineering Classification of Earth Materials, National Engineering Handbook, Part 631: Geology Uniter State Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Services, Washington D.C., USA, 2022.
D3385-09, Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer, ASTM, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2009.
SNI 1965-2008, Test Method for Determining Water Content for Soil and Rock, National Standardization Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2008. (in Indonesian)
Horton, R.E., An Approach toward a Physical Interpretation of Infiltration-Capacity, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 5, 1940, pp. 399-417, doi: 10.2136/sssaj1941.036159950005000C0075x.
Marquardt, D.W., An Algorithm for Least-Squares Estimation of Nonlinear Parameters, Journal of the Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 11(2), 1963, pp. 431-441.
Mentaschi, L., Besio, G., Mazzino, A., and Cassola, F., Why NRMSE is not Completely Reliable for Forecast/hindcast Model Test?, Geophysical Research Abstracts, 15, 2013, pp. EGU2013-7059.
Su, L., Wang, Q., Shan, Y., and Zhou, B., Estimating Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity using the Kostiakov and Philip Infiltration Equations, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 80(6), 2016, pp. 1463-1475, doi: 10.2136/sssaj2016.04.0125.
Ketsela, Y.S., Hatiye, S.D., and Muche, A.T., Evaluating the Effect of Initial Soil Moisture Content on Infiltration Characteristics using Empirical and Hydrus 1D Models, Water Conservation Science and Engineering, 8(1), 2023, doi: 10.1007/s41101-023-00216-w.
Mesele, H., Grum, B., Aregay, G., and Berhe, G.T., Evaluation and Comparison of Infiltration Models for Estimating Infiltration Capacity of Different Textures of Irrigated Soils, Environmental Systems Research, 13(1), 2024, doi: 10.1186/s40068-024-00356-5.
Bodman, G.B. and Colman, E.A., Moisture and Energy Conditions during Downward Entry of Water Into Soils, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 8(C), 1944, pp. 116-122, doi: 10.2136/sssaj1944.036159950008000C0021x.
Yao, M., Chen, T., Wei, X., Tao, W., Fan, R., and Liu, J., Wetting Front Expansion Model for Non-Ponding Rainfall Infiltration in Soils with Uniform and Non-Uniform Initial Moisture Content, Applied Sciences, 12(12), 2022, doi: 10.3390/app12126185.
Brunone, B., Ferrante, M., Romano, N., and Santini, A., Numerical Simulations of One-Dimensional Infiltration into Layered Soils with the Richards Equation Using Different Estimates of the Interlayer Conductivity, Vadose Zone Journal, 2(2), 2003, pp. 193-200, doi: 10.2136/vzj2003.1930.
Vogel, H.J., Gerke, H.H., Mietrach, R., Zahl, R., and Wöhling, T., Soil Hydraulic Conductivity in the State of Nonequilibrium, Vadose Zone Journal, 22(2), 2023, doi: 10.1002/vzj2.20238.
Ma, Y., Feng, S., Su, D., Gao, G., and Huo, Z., Modeling Water Infiltration in a Large Layered Soil Column with a Modified Green–Ampt Model and HYDRUS-1D, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 71, 2010, pp. S40-S47, doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2009.07.006.
Berdouki, A.A., Besharat, S., Zeinalzadeh, K., and Cruz, C., The Effect of Soil Texture, Layering and Water Head on the Infiltration Rate and Infiltration Model Accuracy, Irrigation and Drainage, 73(3), 2024, pp. 846-865, doi: 10.1002/ird.2918.
Lai, J., Luo, Y., and Ren, L., Numerical Evaluation of Depth Effects of Double‐Ring Infiltrometers on Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Measurements, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 76(3), 2012, pp. 867-875, doi: 10.2136/sssaj2011.0048.
Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Ma, Z., Chen, J., Akbar, J., Zhang, S., Che, C., Zhang, M., and Cerdà, A., A Review of Preferential Water Flow in Soil Science, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 98, 2018, pp. 604–618, doi: 10.1139/cjss-2018-0046.
Mbagwu, J.S.C., Soil Physical Properties Influencing the Fitting Parameters in Philip and Kostiakov Infiltration Models, International Atomic Energy Agency and UNESCO International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Miramare,Trieste, Italy., Internal Report IC/94/97, 1994.
Regalado, C.M., Ritter, A., Álvarez‐Benedí, J., and Muñoz‐Carpena, R., Simplified Method to Estimate the Green–Ampt Wetting Front Suction and Soil Sorptivity with the Philip–Dunne Falling‐Head Permeameter, Vadose Zone Journal, 4(2), 2005, pp. 291-299, doi: 10.2136/vzj2004.0103.
Stewart, R.D., Rupp, D.E., Najm, M.R.A., and Selker, J.S., Modeling Effect of Initial Soil Moisture on Sorptivity and Infiltration, Water Resources Research, 49(10), 2013, pp. 7037-7047, doi: 10.1002/wrcr.20508.
Mishra, S.K., Tyagi, J.V., and Singh, V.P., Comparison of Infiltration Models, Hydrological Processes, 17(13), 2003, pp. 2629-2652, doi: 10.1002/hyp.1257.
USDA-NRCS, Hydrologic Soil Groups, National Engineering Handbook Part 630: Hydrology, United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington DC, USA, 2009.
Zarooei, F. and Fereidooni, D., Assessing the Effect of Particle Size Distribution on Permeability of Silty-Sandy Soils, Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 41(6), 2023, pp. 3681-3698, doi: 10.1007/s10706-023-02481-x.
Zhan, T.L.T., Ng, C.W.W., and Fredlund, D.G., Field Study of Rainfall Infiltration into a Grassed Unsaturated Expansive Soil Slope, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 44(4), 2007, pp. 392-408, doi: 10.1139/t07-001.
Ruggenthaler, R., Meißl, G., Geitner, C., Leitinger, G., Endstrasser, N., and Schöberl, F., Investigating the Impact Of Initial Soil Moisture Conditions on Total Infiltration by Using An Adapted Double-Ring Infiltrometer, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2016, pp. 1-17, doi: 10.1080/02626667.2015.1031758.
Preez, D.F.D. and Toerien, J.C., The Influence of Initial Soil Moisture Content on Field Measured Infiltration Rates, Water SA, 4(1), 1978, pp. 18–24, doi: 10.10520/AJA03784738_2137.
Canarache, A., Motoc, E., and Dumitriu, R., Infiltration Rate as Related to Hydraulic Conductivity, Moisture Deficit and Other Soil Properties, in P. E. Rijtema & H. Wassink (Eds.), Water in the Unsaturated Zone: Proceedings of the Wageningen Symposium, vol. 1, 1969, pp. 392-401.
Copyright (c) 2025 Agus Setyo Muntohar, Jazaul Ikhsan, Rehni Setiati, Ryosuke Uzuoka
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain the copyright and publishing right, and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) followingthe publication of the article, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
